Sunday, June 7, 2009

How Upright Is Upright?


There is a tendency to group all upright transportation bicycles into the same general townie/cruiser-ish category. And when we see the description "upright bike" we imagine whatever it is that fits our own definition of that idea. But differences in what are commonly referred to as "upright" positions can be considerable. Above are three classic examples side by side: a traditional Dutch bike, an Italian city bike, and a French-style mixte - all three of which I have owned and ridden.



To a large extent it is the placement of the handlebars that determines how upright a bicycle is set up. But while the Dutch bike's handlebars can be lowered and the bars on the other two can be raised, it's not entirely as simple as that: The design of the frame itself assumes a particular range of positions; the frame geometry is optimised for it.




90s Gazelle A-Touren

The Dutch bike is designed to enable a bolt-uright posture. The handlebars are high. The stem is so short as to be practically non-existant, bringing the bars even closer to the rider's body. The seat tube angle is slack. Altogether, the cyclist is "pushed back" on the bike into what almost resembles an armchair position. The epitome of "upright," this posture is not for everyone. But it is supremely comfortable for short trips and it allows cyclist to observe their surroundings from a greater height.




P's Royal H Mixte (Formerly Mine)

The traditional French mixte is typically more aggressive than other city bikes. The frame design is frequently not very different from that of a road bike - steep angles, head tube not much higher, if at all, that the seat tube, comparatively lightweight tubing. When built up as upright bikes, these bicycles are at their best when set up with long stems and handlebars at or even below saddle level. With the cyclist's weight pushed forward, the bicycle is extremely responsive and maneuverable. But the "upright" posture with this set-up can be quite aggressively leaned over.



Bella Ciao with House of Talents Basket

Somewhere in the middle, the Italian city bike is really a variation of the so-called "sports roadster"design(the ubiquitous Raleigh Sports and Lady's Sports were examples of these): swept-back handlebars at or moderately above saddle level, combined with a short stem for a generally upright but slightly leaned-forward position. The seat tube is not as slack as that on a Dutch bike, but still relatively relaxed. The cyclist can lean into the bike if they wish to apply more power, or they can sit back. I personally find this to be a very versatile position - though others might call it "neither/ nor" - neither as regally relaxed as a Dutch bike, nor as maneuverable as a roadish French mixte.



While definitions of "upright bike" run the gamut, my personal definition requires that the bicycle pass the Camera Test. That is, I must be able to ride the bike with my large camera staying put on my back, strap worn across my chest, without the camera rotating to the front. I can't do it on a roadbike with drop bars, not even when I am on the hoods or the tops. But I can do it on all three bikes shown in this post, which makes them all different variations of "upright" to me. What do you typically think of as an upright position, and which do you prefer for everyday cycling?

Saturday, June 6, 2009

Touchy-Feely

Susan's Pink Sketchy
I have a funny habit of touching bicycles. It starts innocently enough: First a glance, then a closer look, then a quick stroke or two. But before I know it I am engaged in an orgy of tactile exploration that has been known to shock by-standers. Slowly and affectionately I will run my hand over the frame, tracing the outlines of the lugwork, closely examining the joints, touching the braze-ons one by one, visibly savouring every moment of it. Those who know me in person tease me about this, and apparently even discuss it behind my back good-naturedly. At Interbike last year, I was giving a bike a furtive fondle when the manufacturer snuck up behind me, laughing: "They toldme you were going to do this!"



When it comes to other people's bikes, I do ask permission - much as I would ask for permission to pet someone's dog or cat. "May I?" My voice andmy outstretched handtremble with anticipation. The owner is amused and delighted, if somewhat taken aback by the intensity of my interest.



But though my case may be extreme, I am hardly alone in the bike-fondling affliction. Even without asking, strangers will often stroke my bikes absent-mindedly - their hands drawn to a leather saddle, a headbadge, some shellacked twine, lugwork. "This part here..." an acquaintance suddenly said mid-conversation, pointing to the top of my bike's fork. "It's so... cake-like! What is it for?" Excitedly I began to explain about fork crowns, but stopped myself as the poor person's eyes glazed over. They didn't want to know. But they did want to touch.



I think that bicycles - particularly bicycles with all sorts of interesting or organic-looking bits on them - tend to invite tactile attention. Say what you will about looks mattering or not mattering, but when a bicycle draws us in physically, surely that is a good thing.



Are you touchy-feely when it comes to bikes? Do others tend to touch your bike, and do you mind?

Friday, June 5, 2009

Lake Itasca :: Headwaters of the Mississippi

Monday, August 8th - - About 9:15 pm a Park Ranger drove through the campground at Copper Falls announcing over the loudspeaker that the National Weather Service had issued a severe storm warning effective until ten o'clock. High winds, hail, heavy rain and lightening were imminent. All campers were to take immediate shelter!



I saw people scurrying around their tents putting things away and heading towards their cars or trucks. Me? I was already sitting in Van Dora. Snug as a bug in a rug. I didn't see anyone leaving the area so I stayed put. Besides, where were we to go?



Within a few minutes after making the announcement, the rain came. Aside from a lot of lightening there was only the rain. No hail. No high winds. And it only lasted about an hour. And for that I was thankful. My thoughts went to that campground in Arkansas last year where flash floods went through the area and several people lost their lives. We had some warning, and I was ready to leave, if necessary. But the question came once again, where would we go?



Tuesday, August 9th - - It was cloudy and overcast this morning. It rained off and on all morning. I was traveling west on US 2 toward Minnesota. At Ashland, Wisconsin I picked up State Road 13 and followed it along the beautiful Lake Superior shoreline all the way to Superior-Duluth where I returned to US 2. By then the weather had cleared. The clouds were gone (mostly) and sunshine filled the skies as I traveled nearly three-fourths of the way across Minnesota. I would spend several days at Itasca State Park south of Bemidji.



Wednesday, August 10th - - Itasca is a huge State Park with a lodge, cabins, two campgrounds with more than 250 sites, more than 40 miles of hiking trails, a 5.8 mile paved biking trail, and numerous lakes within its 32,000 acres. The Park was established in 1891 to preserve remnant stands of virgin pine and to protect the basin around the source of the Mississippi River.





This little stream doesn't look like much, does it? However, it is the Mississippi River, flowing rather quickly just a few hundred feet from its source at the north end of Lake Itasca.





This sign proclaims “Here 1475 ft above the ocean the mighty Mississippi begins to flow on its winding way 2552 miles to the Gulf of Mexico.” My Mother and I visited New Orleans in the summer of .. and saw where the Mississippi flowed into the delta and into the Gulf. Like US Highway 41, I've traveled along portions of the Mississippi and now I've not only been at its end, I've seen its beginning. Rather cool, I think.





This is it. The headwaters of the Mississippi River. People are encouraged to “walk across the Mississippi” here, one of the few places accessible for the average person to do so.





The rocks were quite slippery. This man and his son nearly toppled into the water several times. I didn't attempt to walk across the rocks but there was a narrow log footbridge - perhaps 18 inches wide, so maybe not so narrow, but it seemed so when walking across it without handrails for assistance!



I walked a ways down the trail along the shore of the lake but little could be seen because of the trees. There were some interesting wild flowers though!









And this small, fluffy, milkweed type of plant.

Thursday, June 4, 2009

Tin Tray

This was a tin tray that belonged to my mom before she met my dad. It has tulips in the design and the handle had other flowers on it. It says it is made by Rodney Kent. Apparently he made a lot of beaten tin items back in the 1920' and 30's. I also have a round plate by him with no design. I found lots of his work on the internet.

Lovely summer day on Lucille Island



Today Lake Superior displayed an incredibly calm mood that is rarely seen. I couldn't pass up the opportunity the lake was presenting, so I headed out in my boat and spent the day photographing and exploring the islands that are near my home. In the afternoon some really nice clouds started to show up. Adding a polarizer filter to my lens really helped to accent the clouds as well as cut the glare from the water, so the shallow rocks and reefs could really show up in the images. It was an incredible day to be on the water!

5-Speed Conversion!

My conversion of the Mercier mixte to a 5-speed is pretty much complete, and it worked out nicely. I've received some questions about the process since I first mentioned my plan to do this, so I include answers to these questions here.

What is a 5-Speed Conversion?
A 5-speed conversion refers to transforming a vintage 10-speed bicycle into a 5-speed by removing one of the two front chainrings and the front derailleur system (see before and after pictures above). In the end, the bicycle is left with a much simpler set-up of 5 chainrings in the rear, 1 chainring in the front, and a single gear shifter. It works much the same as a 5-speed hub, only the gears are visible rather than hidden inside the hub.

Why do this? Doesn't it mean you have fewer speeds now?
Hard question to answer, but I will try: The advantage of a derailleur over an internal hub, is that it allows for much wider spaced gearing. Riding the Mercier around hilly areas, I can get by perfectly well with just the middle 3 rear gears. The 2 extra rear chainrings provide a nice "just in case" buffer of one higher and one lower gear than I'd ever need, but the second front ring (which provides 5 additional speeds) and the whole front derailleur system (which switches between the two front rings) are useless entirely in the context of where and how I plan to ride this bike. Given my certainty of this, converting it to a 5-speed made sense, because it would simplify the handling of the bicycle and it would get rid of extraneous components. Also, this bike (as many older French bicycles) was originally designed to have a rear-only derailleur system. This is evident, because it has a braze-on (on the downtube) for just a single gear shifter. So converting it to a 5-speed reverts to a traditional design.

If you're going to make it a 5-speed, why not use a 5-speed hub and ditch the derailleur system all together?
The main reason, is that no existing 5-speed hub could give me the same customised, wide spacing as a 5-speed rear derailleur. It's not just about how many speeds you have, but how useful each of those speeds are. Additionally, it would cost a ton of money to rebuild the rear wheel with a 5-speed hub, whereas the 5-speed derailleur conversion was inexpensive. And finally, I am trying to keep this bicycle fitted with traditional components, and French bicycles were traditionally fitted with derailleurs.

How was the conversion done?
Keeping in mind that the process will differ depending on your current set-up, here is what generally needs to be done, step-by-step:

1. Front chainring removal
Since you will only have one chainring in the front now, you need to figure out how to get rid of the second one. The main issue here has to do with how the crank arm is attached to the ring(s). On some bicycles, it is possible to simply remove the extraneous chainring and the remaining chainring will hold up the crank. On my Mercier, the two rings are a unit, attached to the crank via a proprietary bolt system. To make a long story short, we could not simply remove the extra ring. Rather than get an entire new chainring and crank system, it occured to me that perhaps the teeth on the bigger chainring could be filed off - turning the ring into a chainguard. I discussed the idea with metalworker and bicycle mechanic Jon Gehman, who is a reader of this blog, and he agreed that this was a good way to go. I then sent him the chainring for a "de-toothing" service, and he did a spectacular job.

Here is a close-up of what was formerly the larger chainring. Notice how beautifully the edge is done - giving it a professionally finished look.

2. Front derailleur removal
This was the easiest part. The Simplex front derailleur simply unbolts and removes. On the picture above you can see that the rainbow decal is a little worn where it used to be, but that is all.

3. Changing the shifters
The ease or difficulty of this step depends entirely on what sort of shifters you have to begin with. If your bicycle has separate (unconnected) shifters for the rear and front derailleurs, then you simply remove the one that controls the front and you are done. If your shifters are a unit, then you will have to remove them and install a single shifter instead. Above is a vintage Huret single shifter for mounting on the stem that I bought for this purpose. It's beautiful, "period-correct", and can be bought fairly inexpensively. The Co-Habitant installed the shifter and connected the cable to the derailleur.

Here is the Huret shifter installed on the stem. I am not 100% sure though that this is the ultimate solution. Originally, the Mercier had downtube shifters, and this is where the single braze-on is located. However, I do not understand how one is supposed to use downtube shifters on a near-upright bicycle. At least for me, and in traffic, they were too much to handle - especially given that the shifting has to be done with the right hand.

So now there is a cable stopper where the downtube braze-on is, and the cable then extends further to the stem. Though the Huret shifter is beautiful on its own, I am not sure how fitting it is here. For instance, the reason it is not all the way at the bottom of the stem, is that placing it here makes it hit the handlebar when it is moved all the way forward. Hmm, right? Your thoughts on this welcome.

Overall I am thrilled with the 5-speed conversion. The Mercier is light, easier than ever to handle, and now ready for its fate as Studio Bike. I admit that I am reluctant to send it over to the Studio and quite like having it here at home. But I also look forward to exploring a new neighborhood together... and to having less bike clutter in our apartment!

Wednesday, June 3, 2009

The Estate of Dederick Hoffman :: The Sale Bill



Sale Bill, page 1

Estate of Dederick Hoffman (Packet 805) Columbiana County, Ohio

FHL film 2032459 accessed June 8, ..

The cover page shows that the sale bill was filed July 1st 1826.

A List of the property Sold on the 15th day of May 1826 by the Administrators of the Estate of Detrich Hoffman late of Columbiana County Deceased with the amount that the Articles was Sold for to wit






























Samuel Hoffman one Shue hammer & chisel - - 20
George Holderreed a hammer wedge & pinchers - - 38
Christian Betz one Square and hog tongs - - 16
John Beevers Mull rings and wedge - - 38
Christian Betz 2 hay forks - - 58
John Hoffman Dung fork & Shovel - - 47
Saml Hoffman Dung hook - - 50
Susanah Hoffman one Spade - - 12 1/2
Jacob Keckly one Matick - - 41
John Hoffman one axe & Bell - - 27
Saml Hoffman one bell - - 75
Thomas Minor on Do 01 00
Saml Hoffman one drawing knife - - 25
David Gearinger a lot of Augurs - - 25 1/2
Christain Betz one inch Augur - - 40
Saml Hoffman one hand Saw - - 50
Abraham Hoffman one axe 01 06 1/4
Jacob Stauffer one mans Saddle 01 01
Saml Hoffman one flax hackel - - 39
Christian Myr a curry comb - - 06 1/2
Thomas Kitch Jr one Grind Stone - - 46
Henry Bricker Jr one pair of hems [?] - - 40
Saml Hoffman one cow chain - - 14
Do Do Do Do - - 28
Do Do Do Do - - 25
Thomas Minor a halter chain & coler - - 94
Wm Baker one lot of traces chains - - 62 1/2






Sale Bill, page 2

Estate of Dederick Hoffman (Packet 805) Columbiana County, Ohio

FHL film 2032459 accessed June 8, ..



































D C
Henry Bricker Jr Skillet & lid - - 74
Saml Hoffman one Griddle - - 30
David Gochaneur one pot - - 90
John Hoffman one Dutch oven 01 00
Frederic Betz one Dough tray - - 06 1/4
Abraham Mumert one churn - - 32
John Fry one barrel 00 04
David Gocheneur one Spinning wheel - - 79
Do Do two chairs - - 35
Saml Boots a lot of upper leather 01 02
Wm Baker one chest 01 50
Jacob Stauffer Jr one feed trough - - 26
Henry Miller 2 tow [?] bags - - 63
Saml Hoffman 2 turilled [?] bags - - 56
Abraham Mumertt Do Do - - 72
Frederic Betz one Jack Screw 03 50
Saml Hoffman one half Bushel - - 18 3/4
Jacob Roller one Riddle - - 25
John Hoffman one 12 gallon Kettle 03 12 1/2
Saml Hoffman Do Do Do 02 65
David Gocheneur one meet tub - - 57
George Holterreed one log chain 02 00
Henry Miller a lot of tin ware - - 06 1/4
David Gearinger a lot of Spoons - - 20
Henry Miller a coffee pot dish - - 14
Abraham Mumert one pair of Sheep Shears - - 37 1/2
Abraham Hoffmann a German Sermon book - - 25
Abraham Mumert a pewter Dish - - 22 1/2
Abraham Hoffman 2 German books - - 27
Saml Hoffman a German Bible - - 75






Sale Bill, page 3

Estate of Dederick Hoffman (Packet 805) Columbiana County, Ohio

FHL film 2032459 accessed June 8, ..



































D C
Jacob Roller 8 knives - - 30
Henry Miller a tea Kettle - - 27
Christian Meese cups and Saucers - - 12 1/2
Do Do a lot of plates - - 12 1/2
Do Do a tin pan - - 18 3/4
Andrew Altman a lot of pewter - - 59
Henry Bricker Sr 7 yds of Shirting linnen 01 57 1/2
Henry Miller Do Do Do 01 82
Abraham Hoffman 8 Do Do Do 02 40
Isaac Baughman 10 yards of tow 01 82 1/2
John Hoffman 4 yds of Woollen cloth 03 00
Abraham Hoffman one coggshell - - 38
Saml Hoffman one Steelgavel 01 04
Abraham Hoffman one Rifle gun and exutrmer [?] 09 25
John Hoffman a clock and case 05 80
Micheal Frederic a Dresser 02 87 1/2
Saml Hoffman a pot tramel 62 1/2
Abraham Hoffman one mare 40 37 1/2
Christian Halderman one Sow and pigs 03 07
Henry Bricker Sr one Barrow 01 92
David Gocheneur one ew and lamb 01 94
Do Do one Do 01 31
Do Do DoDo 01 45
Samuel Hoffman one cuting Box - - 75
Jacob Keckly one windmill 05 15
George Holterreed one pidea [?] Steer 05 03
Do Do one black Do 05 00
Johnathan Tyler on Cow 10 14
John Hoffman one heiffer calf 03 25
Wm Betz two crocks 00 14






Sale Bill, page 4

Estate of Dederick Hoffman (Packet 805) Columbiana County, Ohio

FHL film 2032459 accessed June 8, ..


































D C
Wm Betz two crocks - - 14
Wm Betz two crocks - - 12 1/2
Henry Bricker 6 lbs flax yarn - - 96
Do Do Do Do - - 96
Frederic Swarts one lot of rye 01 80
Jacob Roller Do Do 01 89
Micheal Frederic 3 yr Bushels of buckwheat - - 56
Do Do 2 crocks - - 07
Philip Houtz 10 bushels of wheat 02 60
Joseph Frederic Do Do Do 02 90
Henry Bricker Jr Do Do Do 03 20
Frederic Betz Do Do Do 03 12 1/2
Henry Hoffman Do Do Do 03 12 1/2
Joseph Frederic Do Do Do 03 12 1/2
Christian Meess 3 Do more or less 00 90
Frederic Swarts 10 bushels of oats 01 40
Saml Fox Do Do 01 40
Do Do Do Do 01 40
Do Do Do Do 01 40
Henry Bricker Senr one bed and beding 06 00
Frederic Betz 10 lbs of Sugar - - 75
John Sheets Do Do Do - - 70
Do Do Do Do Do - - 75
Do Do to Sugar - - 12 1/2
Saml Hoffman one cag - - 25
Henry Miller 35 lbs of Becon 01 57 1/2
Do Do 32 lbs Do 01 12 1/2
John Hoffman 22 lbs Do - - 70
Do Do 13 1/4 lbs Do - - 67 1/2







Sale Bill, page 5

Estate of Dederick Hoffman (Packet 805) Columbiana County, Ohio

FHL film 2032459 accessed June 8, ..











D C
John McConner one lot of beef - - 84
Frederic Swarts one gig - - 10
Frederic Betz one Barel - - 12 1/2
Samuel Butz one chisel - - 07
Saml Hoffman one third of a lot of rye in the ground 06 85
Do Do one third of a lot of wheat in the grnd 08 00


I do certify that the above is a correct list and amount of property Sold at the sale before mentioned.


Jacob Roller Clk [crossed out]

John Hoffman

Samuel Hoffman